@article{1oftokenscanbeenoughongradientestimation,
  title = {1% of Tokens Can Be Enough: On Gradient Estimation in On-Policy Distillation},
  author = {Huanxin Sheng and Zhiling Ye and Haonan Wang and Jian Wang and Jinjie Gu and Jian Kang},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.24432},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.24432},
}