@article{arandomizedzerothorderhierarchical,
  title = {A Randomized Zeroth-Order Hierarchical Framework for Heterogeneous Federated Learning},
  author = {Yuyang Qiu and Kibaek Kim and Farzad Yousefian},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2504.01839},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.01839v1},
}