@article{automaticfailureattributionandcriticalst, title = {Automatic Failure Attribution and Critical Step Prediction Method for Multi-Agent Systems Based on Causal Inference}, author = {Guoqing Ma and Jia Zhu and Hanghui Guo and Weijie Shi and Jiawei Shen and Jingjiang Liu and Yidan Liang}, year = {2025}, eprint = {2509.08682}, archivePrefix = {arXiv}, url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.08682}, }