@article{beyondaveragesopenvocabulary3dsceneunder,
  title = {Beyond Averages: Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Understanding with Gaussian Splatting and Bag of Embeddings},
  author = {Abdalla Arafa and Didier Stricker},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2509.12938},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.12938},
}