@article{deepseekr1outperformsgemini20proopenai, title = {DeepSeek-R1 Outperforms Gemini 2.0 Pro, OpenAI o1, and o3-mini in Bilingual Complex Ophthalmology Reasoning}, author = {Pusheng Xu and Yue Wu and Kai Jin and Xiaolan Chen and Mingguang He and Danli Shi}, year = {2025}, eprint = {2502.17947}, archivePrefix = {arXiv}, url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.17947v1}, }