@article{fozoforwardonlyzerothorderpromptoptimiza, title = {FOZO: Forward-Only Zeroth-Order Prompt Optimization for Test-Time Adaptation}, author = {Xingyu Wang and Tao Wang}, year = {2026}, eprint = {2603.04733}, archivePrefix = {arXiv}, url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.04733}, }