@article{frominternaldiagnosistoexternalauditinga,
  title = {From Internal Diagnosis to External Auditing: A VLM-Driven Paradigm for Data-Free Online Backdoor Defense},
  author = {Binyan Xu and Fan Yang and Xilin Dai and Di Tang and Kehuan Zhang},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2601.19448},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.19448},
}