@article{heterosynapticcircuitsareuniversal,
  title = {Heterosynaptic Circuits Are Universal Gradient Machines},
  author = {Liu Ziyin and Isaac Chuang and Tomaso Poggio},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2505.02248},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.02248v1},
}