@article{identifyingandestimatingcausaldirecteffe,
  title = {Identifying and Estimating Causal Direct Effects Under Unmeasured Confounding},
  author = {Philippe Boileau and Nima S. Hejazi and Ivana Malenica and Peter B. Gilbert and Sandrine Dudoit and Mark J. van der Laan},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2604.01501},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.01501},
}