@article{incontextlearningoperatesasconceptsubspa,
  title = {In-Context Learning Operates as Concept Subspace Learning},
  author = {Wei Tang and Xinyan Jiang and Fakhri Karray and Lijie Hu},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2605.18830},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.18830},
}