@article{largelanguagemodelhackingquantifyingtheh, title = {Large Language Model Hacking: Quantifying the Hidden Risks of Using LLMs for Text Annotation}, author = {Joachim Baumann and Paul Röttger and Aleksandra Urman and Albert Wendsjö and Flor Miriam Plaza-del-Arco and Johannes B. Gruber and Dirk Hovy}, year = {2025}, eprint = {2509.08825}, archivePrefix = {arXiv}, url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.08825}, }