@article{maoefficientmodelagnosticoptimizationof, title = {MAO: Efficient Model-Agnostic Optimization of Prompt Tuning for Vision-Language Models}, author = {Haoyang Li and Siyu Zhou and Liang Wang and Guodong Long}, year = {2025}, eprint = {2503.18160}, archivePrefix = {arXiv}, url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.18160v1}, }