@article{testtimeperturbationlearningwithdelayedf,
  title = {Test-Time Perturbation Learning with Delayed Feedback for Vision-Language-Action Models},
  author = {Zehua Zang and Xi Wang and Fuchun Sun and Xiao Xu and Lixiang Lium and Jiahuan Zhou and Jiangmeng Li},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2604.18107},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.18107},
}