@article{thejapanesepersonnelinquiryrecordspir,
  title = {The Japanese Personnel Inquiry Records (PIR): Elite, Adoption, Family Composition in the 1900s},
  author = {Hiroshi Kumanomido and Yutaro Takayasu and Suguru Otani},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2504.18788},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.18788v1},
}