@article{thoragenericenergyestimationapproachfor,
  title = {THOR: A Generic Energy Estimation Approach for On-Device Training},
  author = {Jiaru Zhang and Zesong Wang and Hao Wang and Tao Song and Huai-an Su and Rui Chen and Yang Hua and Xiangwei Zhou and Ruhui Ma and Miao Pan and Haibing Guan},
  year = {2025},
  eprint = {2501.16397},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.16397v1},
}