@article{uncoveringmodalitydiscrepancyandgenerali, title = {Universality Reconsidered: Rethinking the Validation of Foundation Models for General-Purpose 3D Medical Segmentation}, author = {Yichi Zhang and Feiyang Xiao and Le Xue and Wenbo Zhang and Gang Feng and Chenguang Zheng and Yuan Qi and Yuan Cheng and Zixin Hu}, year = {2026}, eprint = {2602.07643}, archivePrefix = {arXiv}, url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.07643}, }