@article{visualconfuseddeputyexploitinganddefendi,
  title = {Visual Confused Deputy: Exploiting and Defending Perception Failures in Computer-Using Agents},
  author = {Xunzhuo Liu and Bowei He and Xue Liu and Andy Luo and Haichen Zhang and Huamin Chen},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2603.14707},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.14707},
}