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Shell Theory: A Statistical Model of Reality

2021-05-28 · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 2021 5 · Wen-Yan Lin, Siying Liu, Changhao Ren, Ngai-Man Cheung, Hongdong Li, Yasuyuki Matsushita

The foundational assumption of machine learning is that the data under consideration is separable into classes; while intuitively reasonable, separability constraints have proven remarkably difficult to formulate mathematically. We believe this problem is rooted in the mismatch between existing statistical techniques and commonly encountered data; object representations are typically high dimensional but statistical techniques tend to treat high dimensions a degenerate case. To address this problem, we develop a dedicated statistical framework for machine learning in high dimensions. The framework derives from the observation that object relations form a natural hierarchy; this leads us to model objects as instances of a high dimensional, hierarchal generative processes. Using a distance based statistical technique, also developed in this paper, we show that in such generative processes, instances of each process in the hierarchy, are almost-always encapsulated by a distinctive-shell that excludes almost-all other instances. The result is shell theory, a statistical machine learning framework in which separability constraints (distinctive-shells) are formally derived from the assumed generative process.

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wen-yan-lin/shell-theory tf

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Anomaly DetectionBIG-bench Machine LearningmodelOne-class classifierUnsupervised Anomaly Detection with Specified Settings -- 0.1% anomalyUnsupervised Anomaly Detection with Specified Settings -- 10% anomalyUnsupervised Anomaly Detection with Specified Settings -- 1% anomalyUnsupervised Anomaly Detection with Specified Settings -- 20% anomalyUnsupervised Anomaly Detection with Specified Settings -- 30% anomaly

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