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Advancing Email Spam Detection: Leveraging Zero-Shot Learning and Large Language Models

2025-05-05 · Ghazaleh Shirvani, Saeid Ghasemshirazi

Email spam detection is a critical task in modern communication systems, essential for maintaining productivity, security, and user experience. Traditional machine learning and deep learning approaches, while effective in static settings, face significant limitations in adapting to evolving spam tactics, addressing class imbalance, and managing data scarcity. These challenges necessitate innovative approaches that reduce dependency on extensive labeled datasets and frequent retraining. This study investigates the effectiveness of Zero-Shot Learning using FLAN-T5, combined with advanced Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques such as BERT for email spam detection. By employing BERT to preprocess and extract critical information from email content, and FLAN-T5 to classify emails in a Zero-Shot framework, the proposed approach aims to address the limitations of traditional spam detection systems. The integration of FLAN-T5 and BERT enables robust spam detection without relying on extensive labeled datasets or frequent retraining, making it highly adaptable to unseen spam patterns and adversarial environments. This research highlights the potential of leveraging zero-shot learning and NLPs for scalable and efficient spam detection, providing insights into their capability to address the dynamic and challenging nature of spam detection tasks.

📄 PDF Abstract BibTeX arXiv:2505.02362

Code (1)

saeidshirazi/Email-Spam-Detection-zeroshot 공식 구현

Tasks

Spam detectionTraditional Spam DetectionZero-Shot Learning

Methods 이 논문이 사용한 방법론

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Attention 설명 없음
Linear Warmup With Linear Decay Linear Warmup With Linear Decay is a learning rate schedule in which we increase the learning rate linearly for $n$ updates and then linearly decay afterwards.
Dropout Dropout is a regularization technique for neural networks that drops a unit (along with connections) at training time with a specified probability $p$ (a common value is…
Layer Normalization Unlike batch normalization, Layer Normalization directly estimates the normalization statistics from the summed inputs…
Attention Dropout Attention Dropout is a type of dropout used in attention-based architectures, where elements are randomly dropped out of the…
Softmax The Softmax output function transforms a previous layer's output into a vector of probabilities. It is commonly used for multiclass classification. Given an input vector $x$…
Residual Connection 설명 없음

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