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An Empirical Study on Transfer Learning for Privilege Review

2021-12-16 · Haozhen Zhao, Shi Ye, Jingchao Yang

Protecting privileged communications and data from inadvertent disclosure is a paramount task in the US legal practice. Traditionally counsels rely on keyword searching and manual review to identify privileged documents in cases. As data volumes increase, this approach becomes less and less defensible in costs. Machine learning methods have been used in identifying privilege documents. Given the generalizable nature of privilege in legal cases, we hypothesize that transfer learning can capitalize knowledge learned from existing labeled data to identify privilege documents without requiring labeling new training data. In this paper, we study both traditional machine learning models and deep learning models based on BERT for privilege document classification tasks in legal document review, and we examine the effectiveness of transfer learning in privilege model on three real world datasets with privilege labels. Our results show that BERT model outperforms the industry standard logistic regression algorithm and transfer learning models can achieve decent performance on datasets in same or close domains.

📄 PDF Abstract BibTeX arXiv:2112.08606

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BIG-bench Machine LearningDocument ClassificationTransfer Learning

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Linear Layer A Linear Layer is a projection $\mathbf{XW + b}$.
Layer Normalization Unlike batch normalization, Layer Normalization directly estimates the normalization statistics from the summed inputs…
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Softmax The Softmax output function transforms a previous layer's output into a vector of probabilities. It is commonly used for multiclass classification. Given an input vector $x$…
Logistic Regression Logistic Regression, despite its name, is a linear model for classification rather than regression. Logistic regression is also known in the literature as logit regression,…

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