paper-with-me

Papers

An Improved Transformer-based Model for Detecting Phishing, Spam, and Ham: A Large Language Model Approach

2023-11-01 · Suhaima Jamal, Hayden Wimmer

Phishing and spam detection is long standing challenge that has been the subject of much academic research. Large Language Models (LLM) have vast potential to transform society and provide new and innovative approaches to solve well-established challenges. Phishing and spam have caused financial hardships and lost time and resources to email users all over the world and frequently serve as an entry point for ransomware threat actors. While detection approaches exist, especially heuristic-based approaches, LLMs offer the potential to venture into a new unexplored area for understanding and solving this challenge. LLMs have rapidly altered the landscape from business, consumers, and throughout academia and demonstrate transformational potential for the potential of society. Based on this, applying these new and innovative approaches to email detection is a rational next step in academic research. In this work, we present IPSDM, our model based on fine-tuning the BERT family of models to specifically detect phishing and spam email. We demonstrate our fine-tuned version, IPSDM, is able to better classify emails in both unbalanced and balanced datasets. This work serves as an important first step towards employing LLMs to improve the security of our information systems.

📄 PDF Abstract BibTeX arXiv:2311.04913

Code (0)

등록된 구현이 없습니다.

Tasks

Language ModelingLanguage ModellingLarge Language ModelmodelSpam detection

Methods 이 논문이 사용한 방법론

Refunds@Expedia|||How do I get a full refund from Expedia? “How do I get a full refund from Expedia? How do I get a full refund from Expedia? – Call ☎️ +1-(888) 829 (0881) or +1-805-330-4056 or +1-805-330-4056 for Quick Help &…
Attention 설명 없음
Linear Layer A Linear Layer is a projection $\mathbf{XW + b}$.
Attention Dropout Attention Dropout is a type of dropout used in attention-based architectures, where elements are randomly dropped out of the…
Multi-Head Attention 설명 없음
WordPiece 설명 없음
Dense Connections Dense Connections, or Fully Connected Connections, are a type of layer in a deep neural network that use a linear operation where every input is connected to every output…
Adam 설명 없음

Similar Papers 제목 키워드 기반

Spam Detection Using BERT

2022-06-06 · Thaer Sahmoud, Dr. Mohammad Mikki

Emails and SMSs are the most popular tools in today communications, and as the increase of emails and SMSs users are increase, the number of spams is also increases. Spam is any kind of unwanted, unsolicited digital comm…

Spam detection

Revealing social networks of spammers through spectral clustering

2013-04-30 · Kevin S. Xu, Mark Kliger, Yilun Chen, Peter J. Woolf 외

To date, most studies on spam have focused only on the spamming phase of the spam cycle and have ignored the harvesting phase, which consists of the mass acquisition of email addresses. It has been observed that spammers…

Clustering

EvoMail: Self-Evolving Cognitive Agents for Adaptive Spam and Phishing Email Defense

2025-09-25 · Wei Huang, De-Tian Chu, Lin-Yuan Bai, Wei Kang 외 arxiv

Modern email spam and phishing attacks have evolved far beyond keyword blacklists or simple heuristics. Adversaries now craft multi-modal campaigns that combine natural-language text with obfuscated URLs, forged headers,…

Traditional Spam DetectionGraph Neural Network

X-MAP: eXplainable Misclassification Analysis and Profiling for Spam and Phishing Detection

2026-02-17 · Qi Zhang, Dian Chen, Lance M. Kaplan, Audun Jøsang 외 arxiv

Misclassifications in spam and phishing detection are very harmful, as false negatives expose users to attacks while false positives degrade trust. Existing uncertainty-based detectors can flag potential errors, but poss…

Evaluating and Combating the Impact of Concept Drift on the Performance of Machine Learning-Based Phishing Detection Systems

2026-06-09 · Warren Fernando, Nikos Komninos arxiv

The expansion of the digital domain has resulted in a substantial increase in digital communication, with email emerging as one of the most prominent channels. The proliferation of email communication is apparent in both…