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CASAband: Easy-to-Wear Textile Wristband using Shape Memory Alloy Actuators for Spatial and Temporal Haptic Feedback

Haptic interfaces for the wrist and forearm offer an attractive alternative to hand-worn devices as they are simple to wear, leave the hands free for interaction with the real world, and interfere minimally with natural arm motions. To be useful in real-world settings, however, such devices must balance functionality, wearability and comfort, all while being fully untethered with minimal mass and volume. In this work, we present CASAband, a haptic wristband that integrates compliant amplified shape memory alloy actuators (CASA) into a multi-layered textile wristband to deliver spatial and temporal haptic feedback. CASAband operates completely untethered, generates no noise, and has a total mass of 63 g. The device incorporates four actuators that can generate up to 1.7 N of blocked force and 3.2 mm of free displacement with an operating bandwidth ranging from 1.34-6.59 Hz depending on the applied voltage. We conducted a perceptual study and determined that users could identify the location of a single haptic cue around their wrist and discriminate among several patterned cues with over 90% accuracy on average, highlighting that CASAband can be a suitable wearable interface to deliver information for real-world guidance and navigation tasks. To highlight the potential use cases for CASAband, we conducted two demonstrations: a pick and place task where the user relied only on haptic communication from a moderator, and an outdoor pedestrian navigation task where the user relied only on directional cues on the wrist. CASAband is one of the first haptic interfaces that balances the tradeoff between form and function and presents new opportunities for haptic feedback in the real world

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