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CLIP Can Understand Depth

Recent studies on generalizing CLIP for monocular depth estimation reveal that CLIP pre-trained on web-crawled data is inefficient for deriving proper similarities between image patches and depth-related prompts. In this paper, we adapt CLIP for meaningful quality of monocular depth estimation with dense prediction, without fine-tuning its original vision-language alignment. By jointly training a compact deconvolutional decoder with a tiny learnable embedding matrix named mirror, as a static prompt for its text encoder, CLIP is enabled to understand depth. With this approach, our model exhibits impressive performance matching several previous state-of-the-art vision-only models on the NYU Depth v2 and KITTI datasets, outperforming every CLIP-based depth estimation model with a large margin. Experiments on temporal depth consistency and spatial continuity demonstrate that the prior knowledge of CLIP can be effectively refined by our proposed framework. Furthermore, an ablation study on mirror proves that the resulting model estimates depth utilizing knowledge not only from the image encoder but also text encoder despite not being given any prompt written in a human way. This research demonstrates that through minimal adjustments, the prior knowledge of vision-language foundation models, such as CLIP, can be generalized even to domains where learning during pretraining is challenging. We facilitate future works focused on methods to adjust suboptimal prior knowledge of vision-language models using non-human language prompts, achieving performance on par with task-specific state-of-the-art methodologies.

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