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Contextual Biasing of Language Models for Speech Recognition in Goal-Oriented Conversational Agents

2021-03-18 · Ashish Shenoy, Sravan Bodapati, Katrin Kirchhoff

Goal-oriented conversational interfaces are designed to accomplish specific tasks and typically have interactions that tend to span multiple turns adhering to a pre-defined structure and a goal. However, conventional neural language models (NLM) in Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems are mostly trained sentence-wise with limited context. In this paper, we explore different ways to incorporate context into a LSTM based NLM in order to model long range dependencies and improve speech recognition. Specifically, we use context carry over across multiple turns and use lexical contextual cues such as system dialog act from Natural Language Understanding (NLU) models and the user provided structure of the chatbot. We also propose a new architecture that utilizes context embeddings derived from BERT on sample utterances provided during inference time. Our experiments show a word error rate (WER) relative reduction of 7% over non-contextual utterance-level NLM rescorers on goal-oriented audio datasets.

📄 PDF Abstract BibTeX arXiv:2103.10325

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Tasks

Automatic Speech RecognitionAutomatic Speech Recognition (ASR)ChatbotNatural Language UnderstandingSentencespeech-recognitionSpeech Recognition

Methods 이 논문이 사용한 방법론

Linear Layer A Linear Layer is a projection $\mathbf{XW + b}$.
Adam 설명 없음
Attention 설명 없음
Attention Dropout Attention Dropout is a type of dropout used in attention-based architectures, where elements are randomly dropped out of the…
Layer Normalization Unlike batch normalization, Layer Normalization directly estimates the normalization statistics from the summed inputs…
WordPiece 설명 없음
Sigmoid Activation 설명 없음
Residual Connection 설명 없음

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