Creating a silver standard for patent simplification
Patents are legal documents that aim at protecting inventions on the one hand and at making technical knowledge circulate on the other. Their complex style -- a mix of legal, technical, and extremely vague language -- makes their content hard to access for humans and machines and poses substantial challenges to the information retrieval community. This paper proposes an approach to automatically simplify patent text through rephrasing. Since no in-domain parallel simplification data exist, we propose a method to automatically generate a large-scale silver standard for patent sentences. To obtain candidates, we use a general-domain paraphrasing system; however, the process is error-prone and difficult to control. Thus, we pair it with proper filters and construct a cleaner corpus that can successfully be used to train a simplification system. Human evaluation of the synthetic silver corpus shows that it is considered grammatical, adequate, and contains simple sentences.
Code (1)
Tasks
Information RetrievalRetrievalSimilar Papers 제목 키워드 기반
From scratch to silver: Creating trustworthy training data for patent-SDG classification using Large Language Models
Classifying patents by their relevance to the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is crucial for tracking how innovation addresses global challenges. However, the absence of a large, labeled dataset limits the use of…
Transfer LearningAutomatic Text Simplification For Handling Intellectual Property (The Case of Multiple Patent Claims)
Summarization, Simplification, and Generation: The Case of Patents
We survey Natural Language Processing (NLP) approaches to summarizing, simplifying, and generating patents' text. While solving these tasks has important practical applications - given patents' centrality in the R&D proc…
SurveyPlatforms for Non-speakers Annotating Names in Any Language
We demonstrate two annotation platforms that allow an English speaker to annotate names for any language without knowing the language. These platforms provided high-quality {'}{`}silver standard{''} annotations for low-r…
Patents as Knowledge Artifacts: An Information Science Perspective on Global Innovation
In an age of fast-paced technological change, patents have evolved into not only legal mechanisms of intellectual property, but also structured storage containers of knowledge full of metadata, categories, and formal inn…