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Devil is in the Detail: Towards Injecting Fine Details of Image Prompt in Image Generation via Conflict-free Guidance and Stratified Attention

While large-scale text-to-image diffusion models enable the generation of high-quality, diverse images from text prompts, these prompts struggle to capture intricate details, such as textures, preventing the user intent from being reflected. This limitation has led to efforts to generate images conditioned on user-provided images, referred to as image prompts. Recent work modifies the self-attention mechanism to impose image conditions in generated images by replacing or concatenating the keys and values from the image prompt. This enables the self-attention layer to work like a cross-attention layer, generally used to incorporate text prompts.In this paper, we identify two common issues in existing methods of modifying self-attention that hinder diffusion models from reflecting the image prompt. By addressing these issues, we propose a novel method that generates images that properly reflect the details of image prompts. First, existing approaches often neglect the importance of image prompts in classifier-free guidance, which directs the model towards the intended conditions and away from those undesirable. Specifically, current methods use image prompts as both desired and undesired conditions, causing conflicting signals. To resolve this, we propose conflict-free guidance by using image prompts only as desired conditions, ensuring that the generated image faithfully reflects the image prompt.In addition, we observe that the two most common self-attention modifications involve a trade-off between the realism of the generated image and alignment with the image prompt, achieved by selectively using keys and values from both images. Specifically, selecting more keys and values from the image prompt improves alignment, while selecting more from the generated image enhances realism. To balance both, we propose an alternative self-attention modification method, Stratified Attention, which jointly uses keys and values from both images rather than selecting between them.Through extensive experiments across three distinct image generation tasks, we demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms existing image-prompting models in faithfully reflecting the image prompt.

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