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Enhancing Semi-supervised Learning with Zero-shot Pseudolabels

2025-02-18 · Jichan Chung, Irene Y. Chen

The high cost of data labeling presents a major barrier to deploying machine learning systems at scale. Semi-supervised learning (SSL) mitigates this challenge by utilizing unlabeled data alongside limited labeled examples, while the emergence of foundation models (FMs) offers powerful zero-shot capabilities that can further reduce labeling cost. However, directly fine-tuning large FMs is often impractical in resource-constrained settings, and na\"ively using their pseudo-labels for unlabeled data can degrade performance due to its unreliablity or domain mismatch with target task. In this work, we introduce ZeroMatch, a novel SSL framework that integrates knowledge distillation with consistency-based learning to jointly leverage labeled data, unlabeled data, and pseudo-labels from FMs. ZeroMatch enables training compact student models using only FM inference, making it suitable for low-resource environments such as personal devices with limited compute. Experiments on six vision and language classification benchmarks show that ZeroMatch consistently outperforms standard SSL and zero-shot augmented methods, demonstrating its effectiveness and robustness across a range of foundation model qualities.

📄 PDF Abstract BibTeX arXiv:2502.12584

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Knowledge Distillation

Methods 이 논문이 사용한 방법론

Knowledge Distillation A very simple way to improve the performance of almost any machine learning algorithm is to train many different models on the same data and then to average their predictions.…

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