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FGGM: Fisher-Guided Gradient Masking for Continual Learning

2026-01-26 · Chao-Hong Tan, Qian Chen, Wen Wang, Yukun Ma, Chong Zhang, Chong Deng, Qinglin Zhang, Xiangang Li, Jieping Ye arxiv

Catastrophic forgetting impairs the continuous learning of large language models. We propose Fisher-Guided Gradient Masking (FGGM), a framework that mitigates this by strategically selecting parameters for updates using diagonal Fisher Information. FGGM dynamically generates binary masks with adaptive thresholds, preserving critical parameters to balance stability and plasticity without requiring historical data. Unlike magnitude-based methods such as MIGU, our approach offers a mathematically principled parameter importance estimation. On the TRACE benchmark, FGGM shows a 9.6% relative improvement in retaining general capabilities over supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and a 4.4% improvement over MIGU on TRACE tasks. Additional analysis on code generation tasks confirms FGGM's superior performance and reduced forgetting, establishing it as an effective solution.

📄 PDF Abstract BibTeX arXiv:2601.18261

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Continual LearningCode Generation

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