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FMT:A Multimodal Pneumonia Detection Model Based on Stacking MOE Framework

2025-03-07 · Jingyu Xu, Yang Wang

Artificial intelligence has shown the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy through medical image analysis for pneumonia diagnosis. However, traditional multimodal approaches often fail to address real-world challenges such as incomplete data and modality loss. In this study, a Flexible Multimodal Transformer (FMT) was proposed, which uses ResNet-50 and BERT for joint representation learning, followed by a dynamic masked attention strategy that simulates clinical modality loss to improve robustness; finally, a sequential mixture of experts (MOE) architecture was used to achieve multi-level decision refinement. After evaluation on a small multimodal pneumonia dataset, FMT achieved state-of-the-art performance with 94% accuracy, 95% recall, and 93% F1 score, outperforming single-modal baselines (ResNet: 89%; BERT: 79%) and the medical benchmark CheXMed (90%), providing a scalable solution for multimodal diagnosis of pneumonia in resource-constrained medical settings.

📄 PDF Abstract BibTeX arXiv:2503.05626

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DiagnosticMedical Image AnalysisMixture-of-ExpertsPneumonia DetectionRepresentation Learning

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Softmax The Softmax output function transforms a previous layer's output into a vector of probabilities. It is commonly used for multiclass classification. Given an input vector $x$…
Dropout Dropout is a regularization technique for neural networks that drops a unit (along with connections) at training time with a specified probability $p$ (a common value is…
BPE Byte Pair Encoding, or BPE, is a subword segmentation algorithm that encodes rare and unknown words as sequences of subword units. The intuition is that various word…
Dense Connections Dense Connections, or Fully Connected Connections, are a type of layer in a deep neural network that use a linear operation where every input is connected to every output…
Attention Dropout Attention Dropout is a type of dropout used in attention-based architectures, where elements are randomly dropped out of the…
Absolute Position Encodings Absolute Position Encodings are a type of position embeddings for [Transformer-based models] where positional encodings are…

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