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Global Optimization of Gaussian Process Acquisition Functions Using a Piecewise-Linear Kernel Approximation

2024-10-22 · Yilin Xie, Shiqiang Zhang, Joel Paulson, Calvin Tsay

Bayesian optimization relies on iteratively constructing and optimizing an acquisition function. The latter turns out to be a challenging, non-convex optimization problem itself. Despite the relative importance of this step, most algorithms employ sampling- or gradient-based methods, which do not provably converge to global optima. This work investigates mixed-integer programming (MIP) as a paradigm for \textit{global} acquisition function optimization. Specifically, our Piecewise-linear Kernel Mixed Integer Quadratic Programming (PK-MIQP) formulation introduces a piecewise-linear approximation for Gaussian process kernels and admits a corresponding MIQP representation for acquisition functions. We analyze the theoretical regret bounds of the proposed approximation, and empirically demonstrate the framework on synthetic functions, constrained benchmarks, and a hyperparameter tuning task.

📄 PDF Abstract BibTeX arXiv:2410.16893

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Bayesian Optimizationglobal-optimization

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Gaussian Process Gaussian Processes are non-parametric models for approximating functions. They rely upon a measure of similarity between points (the kernel function) to predict the value for…

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