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Impact of Large Language Model Assistance on Patients Reading Clinical Notes: A Mixed-Methods Study

2024-01-17 · Niklas Mannhardt, Elizabeth Bondi-Kelly, Barbara Lam, Hussein Mozannar, Chloe O'Connell, Mercy Asiedu, Alejandro Buendia, Tatiana Urman, Irbaz B. Riaz, Catherine E. Ricciardi, Monica Agrawal, Marzyeh Ghassemi, David Sontag

Large language models (LLMs) have immense potential to make information more accessible, particularly in medicine, where complex medical jargon can hinder patient comprehension of clinical notes. We developed a patient-facing tool using LLMs to make clinical notes more readable by simplifying, extracting information from, and adding context to the notes. We piloted the tool with clinical notes donated by patients with a history of breast cancer and synthetic notes from a clinician. Participants (N=200, healthy, female-identifying patients) were randomly assigned three clinical notes in our tool with varying levels of augmentations and answered quantitative and qualitative questions evaluating their understanding of follow-up actions. Augmentations significantly increased their quantitative understanding scores. In-depth interviews were conducted with participants (N=7, patients with a history of breast cancer), revealing both positive sentiments about the augmentations and concerns about AI. We also performed a qualitative clinician-driven analysis of the model's error modes.

📄 PDF Abstract BibTeX arXiv:2401.09637

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Action UnderstandingLanguage ModelingLanguage ModellingLarge Language Model

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Multi-Head Attention 설명 없음
Attention 설명 없음
Label Smoothing Label Smoothing is a regularization technique that introduces noise for the labels. This accounts for the fact that datasets may have mistakes in them, so maximizing the…
Absolute Position Encodings Absolute Position Encodings are a type of position embeddings for [Transformer-based models] where positional encodings are…
Layer Normalization Unlike batch normalization, Layer Normalization directly estimates the normalization statistics from the summed inputs…
Dropout Dropout is a regularization technique for neural networks that drops a unit (along with connections) at training time with a specified probability $p$ (a common value is…
Linear Layer A Linear Layer is a projection $\mathbf{XW + b}$.
BPE Byte Pair Encoding, or BPE, is a subword segmentation algorithm that encodes rare and unknown words as sequences of subword units. The intuition is that various word…

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