Language Modeling for Code-Switched Data: Challenges and Approaches
Lately, the problem of code-switching has gained a lot of attention and has emerged as an active area of research. In bilingual communities, the speakers commonly embed the words and phrases of a non-native language into the syntax of a native language in their day-to-day communications. The code-switching is a global phenomenon among multilingual communities, still very limited acoustic and linguistic resources are available as yet. For developing effective speech based applications, the ability of the existing language technologies to deal with the code-switched data can not be over emphasized. The code-switching is broadly classified into two modes: inter-sentential and intra-sentential code-switching. In this work, we have studied the intra-sentential problem in the context of code-switching language modeling task. The salient contributions of this paper includes: (i) the creation of Hindi-English code-switching text corpus by crawling a few blogging sites educating about the usage of the Internet (ii) the exploration of the parts-of-speech features towards more effective modeling of Hindi-English code-switched data by the monolingual language model (LM) trained on native (Hindi) language data, and (iii) the proposal of a novel textual factor referred to as the code-switch factor (CS-factor), which allows the LM to predict the code-switching instances. In the context of recognition of the code-switching data, the substantial reduction in the PPL is achieved with the use of POS factors and also the proposed CS-factor provides independent as well as additive gain in the PPL.
Code (0)
등록된 구현이 없습니다.
Tasks
Language ModelingLanguage ModellingPOSSimilar Papers 제목 키워드 기반
Language Modeling for Code-Switching: Evaluation, Integration of Monolingual Data, and Discriminative Training
We focus on the problem of language modeling for code-switched language, in the context of automatic speech recognition (ASR). Language modeling for code-switched language is challenging for (at least) three reasons: (1)…
Automatic Speech RecognitionAutomatic Speech Recognition (ASR)Language ModelingLanguage Modelling+2From Machine Translation to Code-Switching: Generating High-Quality Code-Switched Text
Generating code-switched text is a problem of growing interest, especially given the scarcity of corpora containing large volumes of real code-switched text. In this work, we adapt a state-of-the-art neural machine trans…
Data AugmentationLanguage ModelingLanguage ModellingMachine Translation+2Code-Mixed Probes Show How Pre-Trained Models Generalise On Code-Switched Text
Code-switching is a prevalent linguistic phenomenon in which multilingual individuals seamlessly alternate between languages. Despite its widespread use online and recent research trends in this area, research in code-sw…
Progressive Sentiment Analysis for Code-Switched Text Data
Multilingual transformer language models have recently attracted much attention from researchers and are used in cross-lingual transfer learning for many NLP tasks such as text classification and named entity recognition…
Cross-Lingual Transfernamed-entity-recognitionNamed Entity RecognitionNamed Entity Recognition (NER)+4Using heterogeneity in semi-supervised transcription hypotheses to improve code-switched speech recognition
Modeling code-switched speech is an important problem in automatic speech recognition (ASR). Labeled code-switched data are rare, so monolingual data are often used to model code-switched speech. These monolingual data m…
Automatic Speech RecognitionAutomatic Speech Recognition (ASR)speech-recognitionSpeech Recognition