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Measuring the Gap Between Media Coverage and Public Information Demand: Evidence from the 2026 Lebanon Conflict

This study examines the relationship between media coverage and public information demand during the Lebanon conflict in March 2026. Using a dataset of 11,623 English-language news articles collected from the GDELT database and Google Trends data for searches conducted within Lebanon, the study compares the distribution of news coverage across topics with the distribution of public search interest. News headlines were filtered for relevance and classified into four categories: Conflict, Economy, Living Conditions, and Emigration. Public information demand was measured using Google Trends topic data for the same categories. The results show a substantial divergence between news coverage and search interest. Conflict accounted for 94.9% of classified news coverage but only 36.9% of total search interest. In contrast, Economy, Living Conditions, and Emigration together accounted for 63.1% of search demand but only 5.1% of news coverage. Time series analysis indicates that search demand for economic and living conditions remained consistently elevated throughout the month rather than reacting to specific conflict events. These findings were robust to the exclusion of the peak conflict period (March 1-5), with Conflict coverage remaining at 94.9% and the information gap persisting across all three under-covered categories. The findings suggest that during the study period, media coverage of Lebanon was heavily concentrated on military events, while public information demand was distributed across economic conditions, daily life, and emigration. This study contributes to agenda-setting research by providing a quantitative comparison between media agenda and public information demand during an active conflict period.

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