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Privacy-Preserving Image Classification Using Isotropic Network

2022-04-16 · AprilPyone MaungMaung, Hitoshi Kiya

In this paper, we propose a privacy-preserving image classification method that uses encrypted images and an isotropic network such as the vision transformer. The proposed method allows us not only to apply images without visual information to deep neural networks (DNNs) for both training and testing but also to maintain a high classification accuracy. In addition, compressible encrypted images, called encryption-then-compression (EtC) images, can be used for both training and testing without any adaptation network. Previously, to classify EtC images, an adaptation network was required before a classification network, so methods with an adaptation network have been only tested on small images. To the best of our knowledge, previous privacy-preserving image classification methods have never considered image compressibility and patch embedding-based isotropic networks. In an experiment, the proposed privacy-preserving image classification was demonstrated to outperform state-of-the-art methods even when EtC images were used in terms of classification accuracy and robustness against various attacks under the use of two isotropic networks: vision transformer and ConvMixer.

📄 PDF Abstract BibTeX arXiv:2204.07707

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Tasks

Classificationimage-classificationImage ClassificationPrivacy Preserving

Methods 이 논문이 사용한 방법론

Multi-Head Attention 설명 없음
Attention 설명 없음
Linear Layer A Linear Layer is a projection $\mathbf{XW + b}$.
Softmax The Softmax output function transforms a previous layer's output into a vector of probabilities. It is commonly used for multiclass classification. Given an input vector $x$…
Residual Connection 설명 없음
Dense Connections Dense Connections, or Fully Connected Connections, are a type of layer in a deep neural network that use a linear operation where every input is connected to every output…
Layer Normalization Unlike batch normalization, Layer Normalization directly estimates the normalization statistics from the summed inputs…
Vision Transformer The Vision Transformer, or ViT, is a model for image classification that employs a Transformer-like architecture over…

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Image Classification