Semi-Supervised Crowd Counting via Self-Training on Surrogate Tasks
Most existing crowd counting systems rely on the availability of the object location annotation which can be expensive to obtain. To reduce the annotation cost, one attractive solution is to leverage a large number of unlabeled images to build a crowd counting model in semi-supervised fashion. This paper tackles the semi-supervised crowd counting problem from the perspective of feature learning. Our key idea is to leverage the unlabeled images to train a generic feature extractor rather than the entire network of a crowd counter. The rationale of this design is that learning the feature extractor can be more reliable and robust towards the inevitable noisy supervision generated from the unlabeled data. Also, on top of a good feature extractor, it is possible to build a density map regressor with much fewer density map annotations. Specifically, we proposed a novel semi-supervised crowd counting method which is built upon two innovative components: (1) a set of inter-related binary segmentation tasks are derived from the original density map regression task as the surrogate prediction target; (2) the surrogate target predictors are learned from both labeled and unlabeled data by utilizing a proposed self-training scheme which fully exploits the underlying constraints of these binary segmentation tasks. Through experiments, we show that the proposed method is superior over the existing semisupervised crowd counting method and other representative baselines.
Code (0)
등록된 구현이 없습니다.
Tasks
Crowd CountingSimilar Papers 제목 키워드 기반
Semi-Supervised Crowd Counting from Unlabeled Data
Automatic Crowd behavior analysis can be applied to effectively help the daily transportation statistics and planning, which helps the smart city construction. As one of the most important keys, crowd counting has drawn …
Crowd CountingSemi-supervised Counting via Pixel-by-pixel Density Distribution Modelling
This paper focuses on semi-supervised crowd counting, where only a small portion of the training data are labeled. We formulate the pixel-wise density value to regress as a probability distribution, instead of a single d…
Crowd CountingDecoderSelf-Supervised LearningCalibrating Uncertainty for Semi-Supervised Crowd Counting
Semi-supervised crowd counting is an important yet challenging task. A popular approach is to iteratively generate pseudo-labels for unlabeled data and add them to the training set. The key is to use uncertainty to selec…
Crowd CountingA Benchmark for Semi-supervised Multi-modal Crowd Counting
This paper constructs the first benchmark on semi-supervised multi-modal crowd counting. To lay the foundation for this unexplored task, we first formulate the semi-supervised multi-modal setting and a standardized proto…
Crowd CountingSemi-Supervised Multi-View Crowd Counting by Ranking Multi-View Fusion Models
Multi-view crowd counting has been proposed to deal with the severe occlusion issue of crowd counting in large and wide scenes. However, due to the difficulty of collecting and annotating multi-view images, the datasets …
Crowd Counting