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Solving Probability and Statistics Problems by Program Synthesis

2021-11-16 · Leonard Tang, Elizabeth Ke, Nikhil Singh, Nakul Verma, Iddo Drori

We solve university level probability and statistics questions by program synthesis using OpenAI's Codex, a Transformer trained on text and fine-tuned on code. We transform course problems from MIT's 18.05 Introduction to Probability and Statistics and Harvard's STAT110 Probability into programming tasks. We then execute the generated code to get a solution. Since these course questions are grounded in probability, we often aim to have Codex generate probabilistic programs that simulate a large number of probabilistic dependencies to compute its solution. Our approach requires prompt engineering to transform the question from its original form to an explicit, tractable form that results in a correct program and solution. To estimate the amount of work needed to translate an original question into its tractable form, we measure the similarity between original and transformed questions. Our work is the first to introduce a new dataset of university-level probability and statistics problems and solve these problems in a scalable fashion using the program synthesis capabilities of large language models.

📄 PDF Abstract BibTeX arXiv:2111.08267

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FormProgram SynthesisPrompt Engineering

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Attention 설명 없음
Linear Layer A Linear Layer is a projection $\mathbf{XW + b}$.
Position-Wise Feed-Forward Layer 설명 없음
Adam 설명 없음
Dense Connections Dense Connections, or Fully Connected Connections, are a type of layer in a deep neural network that use a linear operation where every input is connected to every output…
Layer Normalization Unlike batch normalization, Layer Normalization directly estimates the normalization statistics from the summed inputs…
Absolute Position Encodings Absolute Position Encodings are a type of position embeddings for [Transformer-based models] where positional encodings are…
Multi-Head Attention 설명 없음

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