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Structured Channel Estimation for RIS-Assisted THz Communications

This paper proposes tensor-based channel estimation for reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted communication networks. We exploit the inherent geometrical structure of the Terahertz propagation channel, including the antenna array geometries at the base station, the RIS, and the user equipment to design a tensor-based channel estimator, referred to as the higher-dimensional rank-one approximations (HDR) method. By exploiting the geometrical structure of the combined base station-RIS-user equipment channel, the proposed HDR estimator recasts parametric channel estimation as a single sixth-order rank-one tensor approximation problem, which can be efficiently solved using higher-order singular value decomposition to deliver parallel estimates of each channel component vector. Numerical results show that the proposed method provides significantly more accurate parameter estimates than competing state-of-the-art tensor-based RIS channel estimation, Khatri-Rao factorization, and least squares methods. For higher-rank channels, the HDR method shows similar spectral efficiency compared to its competitors while having similar computational complexity to the classical least squares estimator.

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