Time-inhomogeneous affine processes and affine market models
This thesis is devoted to the study of affine processes and their
applications in financial mathematics. In the first part we consider the theory
of time-inhomogeneous affine processes on general state spaces. We present a
concise setup for time-inhomogeneous Markov processes. For stochastically
continuous affine processes we show that there always exists a c\adl\ag
modification. Afterwards we consider the regularity and the semimartingale
property of affine processes. Contrary to the time-homogeneous case,
time-inhomogeneous affine processes are in general neither regular nor
semimartingales and the time-inhomogeneous case raises many new and interesting
questions. Assuming that an affine process is a semimartingale, we show that
even without regularity the parameter functions satisfy generalized Riccati
integral equations. This generalizes an important result for time-homogeneous
affine processes. We also show that stochastically continuous affine
semimartingales are essentially generated by deterministic time-changes of what
we call absolutely continuously affine semimartingales. These processes
generalize time-homogeneous regular affine processes.
In the second part we consider the class of affine LIBOR market models. We
contribute to this class of models in two ways. First, we modify the original
setup of the affine LIBOR market models in such a way that next to nonnegative
affine processes real-valued affine processes can also be used. Numerical
examples show that this allows for more flexible implied volatility surfaces.
Second, we introduce the class of affine inflation market models, an extension
of the affine LIBOR market models. A calibration example shows that these
models perform very well in fitting market-observed prices of inflation
derivatives.
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