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Adaptive Parallel Monte Carlo Tree Search for Efficient Test-time Compute Scaling

2026-04-01 · Hongbeen Kim, Juhyun Lee, Sanghyeon Lee, Kwanghoon Choi, Jaehyuk Huh arxiv

Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is an effective test-time compute scaling (TTCS) method for improving the reasoning performance of large language models, but its highly variable execution time leads to severe long-tail latency in practice. Existing optimizations such as positive early exit, reduce latency in favorable cases but are less effective when search continues without meaningful progress. We introduce {\it negative early exit}, which prunes unproductive MCTS trajectories, and an {\it adaptive boosting mechanism} that reallocates reclaimed computation to reduce resource contention among concurrent searches. Integrated into vLLM, these techniques substantially reduce p99 end-to-end latency while improving throughput and maintaining reasoning accuracy.

📄 PDF Abstract BibTeX arXiv:2604.00510

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