Bias Variation Compensation in Perimeter-Gated SPAD TRNGs
Random number generators that utilize arrays of entropy source elements suffer from bias variation (BV). Despite the availability of efficient debiasing algorithms, optimized implementations of hardware friendly options depend on the bit bias in the raw bit streams and cannot accommodate a wide BV. In this work, we present a 64 x 64 array of perimeter gated single photon avalanche diodes (pgSPADs), fabricated in a 0.35 {\mu}m standard CMOS technology, as a source of entropy to generate random binary strings with a BV compensation technique. By applying proper gate voltages based on the devices' native dark count rates, we demonstrate less than 1% BV for a raw-bit generation rate of 2 kHz/pixel at room temperature. The raw bits were debiased using the classical iterative Von Neumann's algorithm and the debiased bits were found to pass all of the 16 tests from NIST's Statistical Test Suite.
Code (0)
등록된 구현이 없습니다.
Similar Papers 제목 키워드 기반
Direct Time-of-Flight Measurement Accuracy Improvement With Perimeter-Gated SPADs
Direct time of flight (dToF) measurements are susceptible to errors because of system-level and circuit-level timing jitters. In addition, device-level uncertainty stemming from the dark noise of single-photon avalanche …
Multi-gated perimeter flow control for monocentric cities: Efficiency and equity
A control scheme for the multi-gated perimeter traffic flow control problem of cities is presented. The proposed scheme determines feasible and optimally distributed input flows for the various gates located at the perip…
Perimeter control in a mixed bimodal bathtub model
Perimeter control involves monitoring network-wide traffic and regulating traffic inflow to alleviate hypercongestion. Implementation of transit priority with perimeter control measures, which allow transit into a contro…
modelSILOP: An Automated Framework for Semantic Segmentation Using Image Labels Based on Object Perimeters
Achieving high-quality semantic segmentation predictions using only image-level labels enables a new level of real-world applicability. Although state-of-the-art networks deliver reliable predictions, the amount of handc…
Edge DetectionObjectSegmentationSemantic Segmentation+1Practical Noise Modeling for SPAD Intensity Imaging
Single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) cameras are promising for low-light and high-dynamic-range intensity imaging, but their practical use is limited by complex sensor-specific noise. Unlike time-correlated single-photon…