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Channel Estimation for MIMO Hybrid Architectures with Low Resolution ADCs for mmWave Communication

Hybrid analog/digital architectures and receivers with low-resolution analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) are two low power solutions for wireless systems with large antenna arrays. Most prior work represents two extreme cases in which either a small number of radio frequency (RF) chains with full-resolution ADCs, or low-resolution ADC with a number of RF chains equal to the number of antennas is assumed. In this paper, a generalized hybrid architecture with a small number of RF chains and a finite number of ADC bits is proposed. In such a system, the received signal suffers from two compression stages. One is due to the analog processing stage and the reduced number of RF chains, while the other is a result of signal quantization by the ADC converters. The compression steps both complicate the estimation of the MIMO channel. In this paper, we propose an off grid compressive channel estimator that exploits the sparse structure of the millimeter wave channel to compensate for the loss of information inheren to the proposed architecture.

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