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Papers

Detecting Arbitrary Keypoints on Limbs and Skis with Sparse Partly Correct Segmentation Masks

2022-11-17 · Katja Ludwig, Daniel Kienzle, Julian Lorenz, Rainer Lienhart

Analyses based on the body posture are crucial for top-class athletes in many sports disciplines. If at all, coaches label only the most important keypoints, since manual annotations are very costly. This paper proposes a method to detect arbitrary keypoints on the limbs and skis of professional ski jumpers that requires a few, only partly correct segmentation masks during training. Our model is based on the Vision Transformer architecture with a special design for the input tokens to query for the desired keypoints. Since we use segmentation masks only to generate ground truth labels for the freely selectable keypoints, partly correct segmentation masks are sufficient for our training procedure. Hence, there is no need for costly hand-annotated segmentation masks. We analyze different training techniques for freely selected and standard keypoints, including pseudo labels, and show in our experiments that only a few partly correct segmentation masks are sufficient for learning to detect arbitrary keypoints on limbs and skis.

📄 PDF Abstract BibTeX arXiv:2211.09446

Code (1)

kaulquappe23/arbitrary-keypoints-skijump 공식 구현 pytorch

Tasks

Segmentation

Methods 이 논문이 사용한 방법론

Multi-Head Attention 설명 없음
Attention 설명 없음
Position-Wise Feed-Forward Layer 설명 없음
Label Smoothing Label Smoothing is a regularization technique that introduces noise for the labels. This accounts for the fact that datasets may have mistakes in them, so maximizing the…
Linear Layer A Linear Layer is a projection $\mathbf{XW + b}$.
Adam 설명 없음
Softmax The Softmax output function transforms a previous layer's output into a vector of probabilities. It is commonly used for multiclass classification. Given an input vector $x$…
Absolute Position Encodings Absolute Position Encodings are a type of position embeddings for [Transformer-based models] where positional encodings are…

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