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Graph-Guided Textual Explanation Generation Framework

2024-12-16 · Shuzhou Yuan, Jingyi Sun, Ran Zhang, Michael Färber, Steffen Eger, Pepa Atanasova, Isabelle Augenstein

Natural language explanations (NLEs) are commonly used to provide plausible free-text explanations of a model's reasoning about its predictions. However, recent work has questioned the faithfulness of NLEs, as they may not accurately reflect the model's internal reasoning process regarding its predicted answer. In contrast, highlight explanations -- input fragments identified as critical for the model's predictions -- exhibit measurable faithfulness, which has been incrementally improved through existing research. Building on this foundation, we propose G-Tex, a Graph-Guided Textual Explanation Generation framework designed to enhance the faithfulness of NLEs by leveraging highlight explanations. Specifically, highlight explanations are extracted as highly faithful cues representing the model's reasoning and are subsequently encoded through a graph neural network layer, which explicitly guides the NLE generation process. This alignment ensures that the generated explanations closely reflect the model's underlying reasoning. Experiments on T5 and BART using three reasoning datasets show that G-Tex improves NLE faithfulness by up to 17.59% compared to baseline methods. Additionally, G-Tex generates NLEs with greater semantic and lexical similarity to human-written ones. Human evaluations show that G-Tex can decrease redundant content and enhance the overall quality of NLEs. As our work introduces a novel method for explicitly guiding NLE generation to improve faithfulness, we hope it will serve as a stepping stone for addressing additional criteria for NLE and generated text overall.

📄 PDF Abstract BibTeX arXiv:2412.12318

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Explanation GenerationGraph Neural Network

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Linear Layer A Linear Layer is a projection $\mathbf{XW + b}$.
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Inverse Square Root Schedule Inverse Square Root is a learning rate schedule 1 / $\sqrt{\max\left(n, k\right)}$ where $n$ is the current training iteration and $k$ is the number of warm-up steps. This…
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Layer Normalization Unlike batch normalization, Layer Normalization directly estimates the normalization statistics from the summed inputs…
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