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Multi-Transformer: A New Neural Network-Based Architecture for Forecasting S&P Volatility

2021-09-26 · Eduardo Ramos-Pérez, Pablo J. Alonso-González, José Javier Núñez-Velázquez

Events such as the Financial Crisis of 2007-2008 or the COVID-19 pandemic caused significant losses to banks and insurance entities. They also demonstrated the importance of using accurate equity risk models and having a risk management function able to implement effective hedging strategies. Stock volatility forecasts play a key role in the estimation of equity risk and, thus, in the management actions carried out by financial institutions. Therefore, this paper has the aim of proposing more accurate stock volatility models based on novel machine and deep learning techniques. This paper introduces a neural network-based architecture, called Multi-Transformer. Multi-Transformer is a variant of Transformer models, which have already been successfully applied in the field of natural language processing. Indeed, this paper also adapts traditional Transformer layers in order to be used in volatility forecasting models. The empirical results obtained in this paper suggest that the hybrid models based on Multi-Transformer and Transformer layers are more accurate and, hence, they lead to more appropriate risk measures than other autoregressive algorithms or hybrid models based on feed forward layers or long short term memory cells.

📄 PDF Abstract BibTeX arXiv:2109.12621

Code (1)

eduardoramosp/multitransformer

Tasks

Management

Methods 이 논문이 사용한 방법론

Multi-Head Attention 설명 없음
Attention 설명 없음
Linear Layer A Linear Layer is a projection $\mathbf{XW + b}$.
Dropout Dropout is a regularization technique for neural networks that drops a unit (along with connections) at training time with a specified probability $p$ (a common value is…
Layer Normalization Unlike batch normalization, Layer Normalization directly estimates the normalization statistics from the summed inputs…
Position-Wise Feed-Forward Layer 설명 없음
Adam 설명 없음
Dense Connections Dense Connections, or Fully Connected Connections, are a type of layer in a deep neural network that use a linear operation where every input is connected to every output…

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