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Parallel Rescoring with Transformer for Streaming On-Device Speech Recognition

2020-08-30 · Wei Li, James Qin, Chung-Cheng Chiu, Ruoming Pang, Yanzhang He

Recent advances of end-to-end models have outperformed conventional models through employing a two-pass model. The two-pass model provides better speed-quality trade-offs for on-device speech recognition, where a 1st-pass model generates hypotheses in a streaming fashion, and a 2nd-pass model re-scores the hypotheses with full audio sequence context. The 2nd-pass model plays a key role in the quality improvement of the end-to-end model to surpass the conventional model. One main challenge of the two-pass model is the computation latency introduced by the 2nd-pass model. Specifically, the original design of the two-pass model uses LSTMs for the 2nd-pass model, which are subject to long latency as they are constrained by the recurrent nature and have to run inference sequentially. In this work we explore replacing the LSTM layers in the 2nd-pass rescorer with Transformer layers, which can process the entire hypothesis sequences in parallel and can therefore utilize the on-device computation resources more efficiently. Compared with an LSTM-based baseline, our proposed Transformer rescorer achieves more than 50% latency reduction with quality improvement.

📄 PDF Abstract BibTeX arXiv:2008.13093

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Tasks

speech-recognitionSpeech Recognition

Methods 이 논문이 사용한 방법론

Linear Layer A Linear Layer is a projection $\mathbf{XW + b}$.
Absolute Position Encodings Absolute Position Encodings are a type of position embeddings for [Transformer-based models] where positional encodings are…
Position-Wise Feed-Forward Layer 설명 없음
Tanh Activation 설명 없음
Attention 설명 없음
BPE Byte Pair Encoding, or BPE, is a subword segmentation algorithm that encodes rare and unknown words as sequences of subword units. The intuition is that various word…
Adam 설명 없음
Dropout Dropout is a regularization technique for neural networks that drops a unit (along with connections) at training time with a specified probability $p$ (a common value is…

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