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Q8BERT: Quantized 8Bit BERT

2019-10-14 · Ofir Zafrir, Guy Boudoukh, Peter Izsak, Moshe Wasserblat

Recently, pre-trained Transformer based language models such as BERT and GPT, have shown great improvement in many Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, these models contain a large amount of parameters. The emergence of even larger and more accurate models such as GPT2 and Megatron, suggest a trend of large pre-trained Transformer models. However, using these large models in production environments is a complex task requiring a large amount of compute, memory and power resources. In this work we show how to perform quantization-aware training during the fine-tuning phase of BERT in order to compress BERT by $4\times$ with minimal accuracy loss. Furthermore, the produced quantized model can accelerate inference speed if it is optimized for 8bit Integer supporting hardware.

📄 PDF Abstract BibTeX arXiv:1910.06188

Code (5)

NervanaSystems/nlp-architect/blob/master/nlp_architect/models/transformers/quantized_bert.py 공식 구현 tf
intellabs/model-compression-research-package 공식 구현 pytorch
huggingface/block_movement_pruning pytorch
iabd/QuantizedNMT pytorch
mindspore-ai/models/tree/master/official/nlp/q8bert mindspore

Tasks

Linguistic AcceptabilityNatural Language InferenceQuantizationSemantic Textual SimilaritySentiment Analysis

Methods 이 논문이 사용한 방법론

Linear Layer A Linear Layer is a projection $\mathbf{XW + b}$.
SPEED The monocular depth estimation (MDE) is the task of estimating depth from a single frame. This information is an essential knowledge in many computer vision tasks such as scene…
Absolute Position Encodings Absolute Position Encodings are a type of position embeddings for [Transformer-based models] where positional encodings are…
Position-Wise Feed-Forward Layer 설명 없음
Cosine Annealing Cosine Annealing is a type of learning rate schedule that has the effect of starting with a large learning rate that is relatively rapidly decreased to a minimum value before…
Discriminative Fine-Tuning Discriminative Fine-Tuning is a fine-tuning strategy that is used for ULMFiT type models. Instead of using the same learning rate…
Linear Warmup With Cosine Annealing Linear Warmup With Cosine Annealing is a learning rate schedule where we increase the learning rate linearly for $n$ updates and then anneal according to a cosine schedule…
GPT GPT is a Transformer-based architecture and training procedure for natural language processing tasks. Training follows a…

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