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Renewable Energy Prediction: A Comparative Study of Deep Learning Models for Complex Dataset Analysis

2025-01-27 · Haibo Wang, Jun Huang, Lutfu Sua, Bahram Alidaee

The increasing focus on predicting renewable energy production aligns with advancements in deep learning (DL). The inherent variability of renewable sources and the complexity of prediction methods require robust approaches, such as DL models, in the renewable energy sector. DL models are preferred over traditional machine learning (ML) because they capture complex, nonlinear relationships in renewable energy datasets. This study examines key factors influencing DL technique accuracy, including sampling and hyperparameter optimization, by comparing various methods and training and test ratios within a DL framework. Seven machine learning methods, LSTM, Stacked LSTM, CNN, CNN-LSTM, DNN, Time-Distributed MLP (TD-MLP), and Autoencoder (AE), are evaluated using a dataset combining weather and photovoltaic power output data from 12 locations. Regularization techniques such as early stopping, neuron dropout, L1 and L2 regularization are applied to address overfitting. The results demonstrate that the combination of early stopping, dropout, and L1 regularization provides the best performance to reduce overfitting in the CNN and TD-MLP models with larger training set, while the combination of early stopping, dropout, and L2 regularization is the most effective to reduce the overfitting in CNN-LSTM and AE models with smaller training set.

📄 PDF Abstract BibTeX arXiv:2501.15731

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Hyperparameter OptimizationL2 Regularization

Methods 이 논문이 사용한 방법론

Tanh Activation 설명 없음
Sigmoid Activation 설명 없음
LSTM An LSTM is a type of recurrent neural network that addresses the vanishing gradient problem in vanilla…
AE An autoencoder is a type of artificial neural network used to learn efficient data codings in an unsupervised manner. The aim of an autoencoder is to learn a representation…
L1 Regularization $L_{1}$ Regularization is a regularization technique applied to the weights of a neural network. We minimize a loss function compromising both the primary loss function and a…
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