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Seeing Clearly without Training: Mitigating Hallucinations in Multimodal LLMs for Remote Sensing

2026-03-03 · Yi Liu, Jing Zhang, Di Wang, Xiaoyu Tian, Haonan Guo, Bo Du arxiv

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) suffer from pronounced hallucinations in remote sensing visual question-answering (RS-VQA), primarily caused by visual grounding failures in large-scale scenes or misinterpretation of fine-grained small targets. To systematically analyze these issues, we introduce RSHBench, a protocol-based benchmark for fine-grained diagnosis of factual and logical hallucinations. To mitigate grounding-induced factual hallucinations, we further propose Relative Attention-Driven Actively Reasoning (RADAR), a training-free inference method that leverages intrinsic attention in MLLMs to guide progressive localization and fine-grained local reasoning at test time. Extensive experiments across diverse MLLMs demonstrate that RADAR consistently improves RS-VQA performance and reduces both factual and logical hallucinations. Code and data will be publicly available at: https://github.com/MiliLab/RADAR

📄 PDF Abstract BibTeX arXiv:2603.02754

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Visual Grounding

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