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Segmenting objects with Bayesian fusion of active contour models and convnet priors

2024-10-09 · Przemyslaw Polewski, Jacquelyn Shelton, Wei Yao, Marco Heurich

Instance segmentation is a core computer vision task with great practical significance. Recent advances, driven by large-scale benchmark datasets, have yielded good general-purpose Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based methods. Natural Resource Monitoring (NRM) utilizes remote sensing imagery with generally known scale and containing multiple overlapping instances of the same class, wherein the object contours are jagged and highly irregular. This is in stark contrast with the regular man-made objects found in classic benchmark datasets. We address this problem and propose a novel instance segmentation method geared towards NRM imagery. We formulate the problem as Bayesian maximum a posteriori inference which, in learning the individual object contours, incorporates shape, location, and position priors from state-of-the-art CNN architectures, driving a simultaneous level-set evolution of multiple object contours. We employ loose coupling between the CNNs that supply the priors and the active contour process, allowing a drop-in replacement of new network architectures. Moreover, we introduce a novel prior for contour shape, namely, a class of Deep Shape Models based on architectures from Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). These Deep Shape Models are in essence a non-linear generalization of the classic Eigenshape formulation. In experiments, we tackle the challenging, real-world problem of segmenting individual dead tree crowns and delineating precise contours. We compare our method to two leading general-purpose instance segmentation methods - Mask R-CNN and K-net - on color infrared aerial imagery. Results show our approach to significantly outperform both methods in terms of reconstruction quality of tree crown contours. Furthermore, use of the GAN-based deep shape model prior yields significant improvement of all results over the vanilla Eigenshape prior.

📄 PDF Abstract BibTeX arXiv:2410.07421

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Tasks

Instance SegmentationSemantic Segmentation

Methods 이 논문이 사용한 방법론

Convolution A convolution is a type of matrix operation, consisting of a kernel, a small matrix of weights, that slides over input data performing element-wise multiplication with the…
Softmax The Softmax output function transforms a previous layer's output into a vector of probabilities. It is commonly used for multiclass classification. Given an input vector $x$…
RoIAlign Region of Interest Align, or RoIAlign, is an operation for extracting a small feature map from each RoI in detection and segmentation based tasks. It removes the harsh…
RPN A Region Proposal Network, or RPN, is a fully convolutional network that simultaneously predicts object bounds and objectness scores at each position. The RPN is trained…
Mask R-CNN Mask R-CNN extends Faster R-CNN to solve instance segmentation tasks. It achieves this by adding a branch for predicting an…
K-Net K-Net is a framework for unified semantic and instance segmentation that segments both instances and semantic categories consistently by a group of learnable kernels, where…

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