paper-with-me

홈 › Papers

Understanding the Thinking Process of Reasoning Models: A Perspective from Schoenfeld's Episode Theory

2025-09-18 · Ming Li, Nan Zhang, Chenrui Fan, Hong Jiao, Yanbin Fu, Sydney Peters, Qingshu Xu, Robert Lissitz, Tianyi Zhou arxiv

While Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) generate extensive chain-of-thought reasoning, we lack a principled framework for understanding how these thoughts are structured. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach by applying Schoenfeld's Episode Theory, a classic cognitive framework for human mathematical problem-solving, to analyze the reasoning traces of LRMs. We annotated thousands of sentences and paragraphs from model-generated solutions to math problems using seven cognitive labels (e.g., Plan, Implement, Verify). The result is the first publicly available benchmark for the fine-grained analysis of machine reasoning, including a large annotated corpus and detailed annotation guidebooks. Our preliminary analysis reveals distinct patterns in LRM reasoning, such as the transition dynamics between cognitive states. This framework provides a theoretically grounded methodology for interpreting LRM cognition and enables future work on more controllable and transparent reasoning systems.

📄 PDF Abstract BibTeX arXiv:2509.14662

Code (0)

등록된 구현이 없습니다.

Similar Papers 제목 키워드 기반

Schoenfeld's Anatomy of Mathematical Reasoning by Language Models

2025-12-23 · Ming Li, Chenrui Fan, Yize Cheng, Soheil Feizi 외 arxiv

Large language models increasingly expose reasoning traces, yet their underlying cognitive structure and steps remain difficult to identify and analyze beyond surface-level statistics. We adopt Schoenfeld's Episode Theor…

Mathematical Reasoning

What Happened in LLMs Layers when Trained for Fast vs. Slow Thinking: A Gradient Perspective

2024-10-31 · Ming Li, Yanhong Li, Tianyi Zhou

What makes a difference in the post-training of LLMs? We investigate the training patterns of different layers in large language models (LLMs), through the lens of gradient, when training with different responses and ini…

A Two-Systems Perspective for Computational Thinking

2020-12-06 · Arvind W Kiwelekar, Swanand Navandar, Dharmendra K. Yadav

Computational Thinking (CT) has emerged as one of the vital thinking skills in recent times, especially for Science, Technology, Engineering and Management (STEM) graduates. Educators are in search of underlying cognitiv…

ManagementVocal Bursts Valence Prediction

DialogueCRN: Contextual Reasoning Networks for Emotion Recognition in Conversations

2021-06-03 · ACL 2021 5 · Dou Hu, Lingwei Wei, Xiaoyong Huai

Emotion Recognition in Conversations (ERC) has gained increasing attention for developing empathetic machines. Recently, many approaches have been devoted to perceiving conversational context by deep learning models. How…

Emotion RecognitionEmotion Recognition in Conversation

Do LLMs Really Need 10+ Thoughts for "Find the Time 1000 Days Later"? Towards Structural Understanding of LLM Overthinking

2025-10-09 · Xinliang Frederick Zhang, Anhad Mohananey, Alexandra Chronopoulou, Pinelopi Papalampidi 외 arxiv

Models employing long chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning have shown superior performance on complex reasoning tasks. Yet, this capability introduces a critical and often overlooked inefficiency -- overthinking -- models of…